Make a data structure for a deck of cards, and implement a `shuffle()` method, and a `draw(n)` method (where you draw `n` cards). Calling `draw()` when the deck is empty returns an empty array.

deck.py

"""
Make a data structure for a deck of cards, 
and implement a `shuffle()` method, and a `draw(n)` method (where you draw `n` cards). 
Calling `draw()` when the deck is empty returns an empty array.
URL: https://buttondown.com/cassidoo/archive/dont-watch-the-clock-do-what-it-does-keep-going
"""
VALID_SUITS = ['♠', '♥', '♣', '♦']
VALID_SYMBOLS = ['A', 'K', 'J', 'Q']
import random

class Card:
    def __init__(self, rank: int | str, suit: str) -> None:
        self.rank: str = self.valid_rank(rank)
        self.suit: str = self.valid_suit(suit)

    def valid_rank(self, rank: int | str) -> str:
        raise_error: bool = False
        if isinstance(rank, int):
            if not (rank >= 1 and rank <= 10):
                raise_error = True
        elif rank not in VALID_SYMBOLS:
            raise_error = True
        else:
            raise_error = False
        if raise_error:
            raise ValueError(f"Rank is invalid. Valid values are : 1 to 10 OR VALID_SYMBOLS")
        return str(rank)
    
    def valid_suit(self, suit: str) -> str:
        if suit not in VALID_SUITS:
            raise ValueError(f'{suit} is not valid suit. Values: {VALID_SUITS}')
        return suit
        

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f"{self.rank}{self.suit}"

class Deck:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.cards: list[Card] = [
            Card(rank=rank, suit=suit) for suit in VALID_SUITS for rank in range(1, 11)
        ]
        self.cards += [Card(rank=rank, suit=suit) for suit in VALID_SUITS for rank in VALID_SYMBOLS]

    def draw(self, count: int) -> list[Card] | list:
        if count < 0 or count > 52:
            raise ValueError(f"count should be from 1 to 52. Passed value: {count}")
        if count > len(self.cards):
            raise ValueError(f"Cannot draw {count} cards. Only {len(self.cards)} remaining.")
        
        if count == 0 and len(self.cards) == 0:
            # Sepcial Case to allow empty draw
            return []
        
        drawn_cards = self.cards[:count]
        self.cards = self.cards[count:]
        return drawn_cards
        
    def shuffle(self) -> None:
        random.shuffle(self.cards)
        

if __name__ == "__main__":
    deck: Deck = Deck()
    deck.shuffle()
    draw: list[Card] = deck.draw(5)
    print(draw)
    assert(len(draw) == 5)
    draw = deck.draw(2)
    print(draw)
    assert(len(draw) == 2)
    while len(deck.cards) >= 5:
        print(deck.draw(5))
    print(f"Remaining cards {deck.cards}")

    try:
        print(deck.draw(4))
        print(f"Empty Draw: {deck.draw(0)}")
    except ValueError as e:
        print(e)

output.txt

[A♠, K♣, 4♦, J♦, K♠]
[8♣, 4♠]
[5♥, 3♣, 2♦, 7♠, 9♥]
[A♦, 5♣, A♣, 6♣, Q♠]
[7♥, 1♦, J♠, 1♥, 7♦]
[7♣, Q♦, 1♣, 9♦, 1♠]
[K♦, 6♥, 6♠, 9♣, 3♥]
[6♦, 10♠, 4♥, 3♠, Q♣]
[9♠, 8♥, 2♥, 8♦, 8♠]
[4♣, 2♠, 5♠, 10♣, 10♥]
[K♥, 5♦, 10♦, 3♦, J♣]
Remaining cards [A♥, 2♣, J♥, Q♥]
[A♥, 2♣, J♥, Q♥]
Empty Draw: []